Background and objectives: Family planning was always thought to be women prerogative, especially in a male dominant society like India and most of the studies on family planning in developing countries have long focus on women as a subject of interest. The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding permanent contraception among married male and female. Methods: The research approach adopted for the study was quantitative research approach. The study was conducted in Rani community of Kamrup district Assam among 150 samples 63 married male and 87 married female of age group within (20–55) years by convenient sampling technique . The tools used for data collection were self–administered structure questionnaire and attitude scale (5–point Likert’s scale). Validity was ensured through consultation with the experts and reliability of knowledge questionnaire and attitude scale were established using spearman brown prophecy formula which was found to be (r=0.70) and (r=0.79) respectively. Result: Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics through SSPS version 20. Findings of the study revealed that majority 74.6% of married men were within the age group (29–37) years and majority 42.9% of married women were within the age group (29–37) years. Result further illustrated that 74.6% of married man had moderately adequate knowledge.74.7% of married woman had moderately adequate knowledge. 54% of married men had favorable attitude regarding permanent contraception; 50.6% of married woman had favorable attitude regarding permanent contraception. There was a significant association between knowledge of married men with age (p=0.008) and type of family (p=0.007); married women with occupation (p=0.000) at 0.05 level of significance. Level of attitude among married women was found to be statistically significant with educational status (p=0.009) at 0.05 level of significance. There was a significant positive correlation between knowledge and attitude scores among male and female as evident by computed ‘r’ value of 0.248 and 0.518 respectively at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: Hence, spreading upto date knowledge, awareness about safety, easiness, advantage of vasectomy over tubectomy through mass media and enchancing the incentives will enable to improve existing knowledge and change men and women’s attitude towards practice of permanent contraception.