Using an Enzyme As a  Periodontal Disease Marker

Dr. Sumit Kapur; Dr. Raviraj Singh; Dr. Rohan Verma; Loveramandeep Singh Khehra; Lovedamandeep Singh Khehra; Gurnoor Kapur

Volume : II, Issue : V, May - 2013

Using an Enzyme As a Periodontal Disease Marker

Dr. Sumit Kapur, Dr. Raviraj Singh, Dr. Rohan Verma, Loveramandeep Singh Khehra, Lovedamandeep Singh Khehra, Gurnoor Kapur

Abstract :

Background: The potential of alkaline phosphatase as an important diagnostic marker of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) has been the subject to investigation since 1970s. Alkaline phosphatase is mainly released during migration of neutrophils to the site of infection. It is also present in bacteria within dental plaque, osteoblasts and fioblasts. It has thus become important to elucidate whether GCF levels of alkaline phosphatase are potential measures of inflammatory activity going on in the adjacent periodontal tissues. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess total activity of alkaline phosphatase in the GCF collected from healthy sites, sites with gingivitis and chronic adult periodontitis and to find correlation of ALP activity with plaque index, gingival index, bleeding index and probing pocket depth. Material and methods: A total of 18 patients were equally divided into three groups viz. healthy sites (I), gingivitis (II), chronic periodontitis (III). Clinical parameters like plaque index, bleeding index, gingival index, probing pocket depth were recorded. The ALP level in GCF of all three groups was determined by spectrophotometric analysis. Results: Total enzyme activity of ALP was significantly higher in periodontitis as compared to healthy and gingivitis sites, and was positively correlated with probing pocket depth. Conclusion: Alkaline phosphatase can be considered as a periodontal disease marker as it can distinguish between healthy and in flamed sites.