CLINICAL PROFILE OF HYPERNATREMIA IN NEONATES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

Dr. Shreya Gandhi; Dr. Pradeep Pazare; Dr. Nilofer Mujawar

Volume : IX, Issue : IV, April - 2020

CLINICAL PROFILE OF HYPERNATREMIA IN NEONATES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

Dr. Shreya Gandhi, Dr. Pradeep Pazare, Dr. Nilofer Mujawar

Abstract :

INTRODUCTION: Hypernatremia is a common life–threatening condition in neonates associated with and without neurological manifestations. It is defined as a serum sodium level >145mEq/L. Early recognition and intervention is necessary to prevent potential adverse effects like cereal edema, seizure and intracranial hemorrhage. METHODOLOGY: Retrospective analysis of all neonates with hypernatremia admitted to the NICU of a tertiary care hospital (NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences, and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital and Research Centre) was done and data collected and expressed as percentage. RESULTS: Out of total 1905 deliveries, 938 were admitted in NICU from January 2019 till December 2019. Of them, 21 patients were admitted for hypernatremia. Hospital based prevalence of 2.23%. Out of the total participants, 12(57.14%) were males and 9(42.85%) were females. 14(66.66%) were first born. 9(42.85%) were born by Normal Vaginal Delivery (NVD) and 12(57.14%) were born by Lower Section Caesarean Section (LSCS). 11(52.38%) had sodium levels <160mEq/L, 9(42.85%) had sodium between 160–170mEq/L and 1(4.76%) had serum sodium level >170mEq/L. The presenting features included Acute Kidney injury in 6(28.57%), Weight loss in 5(23.8%), Hyperbilirubinemia in 5(23.8%), Fever in 4(19.04%) and seizures in one (4.76%). CONCUSION: Hypernatremic dehydration is a common medical emergency caused by poor/ faulty feeding in early neonatal period especially in summer season. All infants should be routinely evaluated for any symptoms or signs to avoid the morbidities associated with hypernatremic dehydration. Weight loss >10% in first week is taken as a warning sign and fluid therapy along with promotion of east feeding is the main treatment modality.