A study of Spectrum of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma- Increasing cases and Decreasing Age of Presentation

Shilpi Sikarwar; Jyoti Priyadarshini Shrivastava; Bharat Jain

Volume : VIII, Issue : XI, November - 2018

A study of Spectrum of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma- Increasing cases and Decreasing Age of Presentation

Shilpi Sikarwar, Jyoti Priyadarshini Shrivastava, Bharat Jain

Abstract :

The Incidence of Oral Squamous Cell Cancers is on the rise especially in India. Histopathologically it is Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma(OSCC) in approximately 90%. In the present retrospective study we analyzed 145 cases of oral and pharyngeal biopsies diagnosed histologically as oral squamous cell carcinoma predominantly Grade I in one year . Buccal mucosa being the most common site affecting predominantly the patients of 30–39 years of age .Age of presentation is now going downwards. Oral cancer has a long preclinical phase that consists of well–documented precancerous lesions.Initial lesion is Leukoplakia or Erythroplakia . Recent Research shows mutation in P53 gene and HPV infection leading to HPV DNA incorporation with Host Squamous cell DNA are associated with Oral cancers.

The observed incidence patterns in this region points towards widespread unawareness, low healthcare utilization and non–existent cancer programmes. It also underlines the need to advocate for reliable cost–effective programmes generating awareness, early detection and appropriate management strategies. Cancer registry installation and implementation of preventive measures to combat this growing threat of oral cancer is a way to understand and prevent this dreaded disease.