A BIOCHEMICAL APPROACH TO Risk Factors of Hypertension PREVALENT Among Urban And Rural Populations of District- Hapur.

Dr Vivek Sinha; Dr Madhu Sharan; Dr Poonam Kacchawa

Volume : IX, Issue : I, January - 2019

A BIOCHEMICAL APPROACH TO Risk Factors of Hypertension PREVALENT Among Urban And Rural Populations of District- Hapur.

Dr Vivek Sinha, Dr Madhu Sharan, Dr Poonam Kacchawa

Abstract :

Introduction: The Global Burden of Diseases study has reported that hypertension is the most important cardiovascular risk factor in this region and responsible for the largest burden of disease and mortality (10). Present estimates suggest that a 2 mm Hg population –wide decrease in systolic BP can lead to prevention of more than 151,000 stroke and 153,000 coronary heart disease deaths in India (10). Hypertension is the new era pandemic which is the leading cause of mortality in the world and is ranked third as a cause of disability–adjusted life years. Various risk factors are implicated in the development of hypertension and there are differences in these risk factors in urban and rural populations depending on the level of development and epidemiological transition. Aims & Objective: The aim and objectives of the study were to estimate and compare the prevalence of hypertension among urban and Rural population; and to assess the factors associated with Hypertension among the study population .The present study will estimate the prevalence of hypertension and identify & compare some socio–demographic and lifestyle risk factors associated with hypertension in urban and rural populations of Hapur. Materials And Methods: The present study was a across–sectional study conducted in Saraswathi institute of medical Sciences, district Hapur. Hapur is a small town in western U.P. Study included a total of 300 subjects from urban and rural population of Hapur. Individuals greater than 18 years of age were included. Data regarding basic demographic characteristics were collected along with anthropometric measurements including height and weight. They were randomly selected from urban and rural populations of Hapur using modified cluster sampling method. Three Blood Pressure readings were recorded using mercury sphygmomanometer in the sitting position and the mean of two was considered for analysis. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS 20 for windows version 8.1. Result: The prevalence of hypertension was high in urban area (31.4%). Though prevalence of hypertension in rural area is low when compared to urban, it can be observed that it is increasing over time to match the urban rate. Most of the study population belonged to age group of 20–29 yrs (27.5%) followed by 30–39 yrs (24.5%). 41.2% of the study population was constituted by males and the rest 58.8% by females. The prevalence of hypertension was 21% in the present study, which is comparable to the estimates given by World Health Organization (23%). Around 33.7% of the population had blood pressure in the normal range and 45.3% of the population had pre–hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension was 23.7% in the urban areas and 18.3% in the rural areas. This difference was found to be statistically insignificant. Conclusion: A no. of risk factors were attributed for the development of hypertension – increasing age, sedentary occupation, higher socio–economic status, extra salt intake, family history of hypertension, reduced physical activity, tobacco smoking, smokeless tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption, BMI ≥ 25 and high waist–hip ratio.