Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases: Comparison With Respect To Gender, Age and Lifestyle factors in a Selected Urban Community of Pune.

Yamuna CB; Jiji Rajeev; Geetanjali Saighal

Volume : VIII, Issue : VI, June - 2019

Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases: Comparison With Respect To Gender, Age and Lifestyle factors in a Selected Urban Community of Pune.

Yamuna Cb, Jiji Rajeev, Geetanjali Saighal

Abstract :

�Non-communicable diseases (NCDs)� is a term used for chronic diseases that are non-infectious. They share common important features which include the following: They have their origin at young ages and epidemics take several years to become well recognized; NCDs to be treated, need long term systemic approach; and in view of their long duration, there are opportunities for prevention. Cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory diseases, cancer, and diabetes were responsible for 60% of all deaths globally in 2005, with more than 75% of these deaths occurring in developing countries (World Health Organization, 2005). Some NCDs like cardiovascular diseases are increasingly affecting the working-age populations (ages 35 to 64 years) in low- and middle-income countries than in the United States and Portugal (Leeder et al, 2004). The control of NCDs has received little attention. For instance, the reduction of Non Communicable diseases is not a Millennium Development Goal (Horton, 2005). Many governments and organisations have focussed on controlling diseases like HIV/AIDS, malaria and Tuberculosis, and neglecting NCDs (Horton, 2005). In view of the fact that the main risk factors associated with NCDs like tobacco smoking, excessive alcohol intake, sedentary lifestyles, including poor diet, are modifiable through changes in lifestyles, it is important that levels of these risk factors in the communities are identified and interventions put in place. In recent years, there has been increasing trends of lifestyle diseases worldwide. Globally, deaths from non-communicable diseases are expected to climb to 49.7 million in 2020, an increase of 77% in absolute numbers and increase in their share of the total from 55% in 1990 to 73% in 2020. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), this cluster of diseases accounted for 36 million (63%) of the 57 million total deaths in 2008 were due to non-communicable disease, comprising mainly cardiovascular diseases (48% of non-communicable diseases), cancer (21%), chronic respiratory diseases (12%) and diabetes (3.5%), (Essa & EI-Shemy, 2015), (Awosan, Iahim, Essein, Yusuf, and Okolo, 2013). Estimating the burden of the disease in people will help in setting strategies for prevention and control of the risk factors for lifestyle diseases. Hence, one important area of inquiry is to identify risk factors to help determine which factors are most vulnerable, or which conditions or trigger factors elicit the pathological condition.