Volume : III, Issue : VIII, August - 2014

Fluoride and its Ecological Effects in Water: A Review

Mali Ram Sharma, Varsha Gupta

Abstract :

Fluoride (F–) is an inorganic ion which is found in all type of water from low to high concentrations. Fluoride concentration in water depends on some factors like temperature, pH, and solubility of fluorine-beå minerals. Degradation of groundwater may be due to natural or anthropogenic processes. Natural causes are intrinsic geological conditions while anthropogenic causes include wastewater from sewage treatment plants, discharge from industries, improper solid waste disposal etc. Increasing Fluoride in groundwater is a major problem in many parts of the world. The fluoride belongs to the halogen group of minerals and it is natural constituents of the environment. Fluoride is the most electronegative elements and is never found in nature in the element form. It is seventeenth in the order of frequency of occurrence of the elements. It represents about 0.06% to 0.09% of the earth’s crust fluoride is an essential element for life. At low concentrations fluoride deficiencies can arise but at high fluoride concentrations dental and skeletal fluorosis can certainly emerge. In drinking water fluoride concentration should be 0.5-1.5 mg per liter. World Health Organization recommends that the fluoride content in drinking water should be in the range of 1.0 to1.5 ppm. Higher concentration of fluoride also causes respiratory failure, fall of blood pressure and general paralysis. Loss of weight, anemia, and cochexia are among the common findings in chronic fluoride poisoning. Continuous intake of fluorides causes permanent inhibition of growth.

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Article: Download PDF    DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.36106/gjra  

Cite This Article:

FLUORIDE AND ITS ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS IN WATER: A REVIEW, Mali Ram Sharma, Varsha Gupta GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS : Volume-3 | Issue-8 | August-2014

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