DIAGNOSIS OF MULITPLE MYELOMA: EXPERIENCE OF AN ATYPICAL CASE IN A YOUNG PATIENT

Maria Jose Calero Romero; Stefany Misshel Garcia Chamba; Jessica Ines Tibanlombo Poaquiza; Erika Mishell Davila Aguirre

Volume : IX, Issue : VIII, August - 2020

DIAGNOSIS OF MULITPLE MYELOMA: EXPERIENCE OF AN ATYPICAL CASE IN A YOUNG PATIENT

Maria Jose Calero Romero, Stefany Misshel Garcia Chamba, Jessica Ines Tibanlombo Poaquiza, Erika Mishell Davila Aguirre

Abstract :

Summary Since the description of the first case in 1965 by Rowe and Fahey, IgD multiple myeloma (MM) is considered a rare entity within monoclonal gammopathies and represents less than 2% of all MM cases. It is characterized by an aggressive course and a worse prognosis compared to IgA and IgG MMs with a median survival of between one and two years. A reflection of this aggressive course is the presence of complications of the disease at the time of diagnosis such as extramedullary plasmacytomas, myeloma kidney, and amyloidosis. All these findings make MM IgD a unique and complex entity.1 We present the case of a young patient, with a history of hyperthyroidism, did not present hypercalcemia or renal failure, the classic manifestation of MM, however, she had plasma cells in the bone marrow, without evidence of extramedullary plasmacytomas, she was given the diagnosis of myeloma multiple by positive immunohistochemistry. Objective: Learn about Multiple Myeloma through the presentation of a case, in order that readers are trained to identify the key points of the pathology (main epidemiological, clinical and pathological characteristics). Methodology: This is a retrospective study of Multiple Myeloma, emphasizing its clinical, radiological and histological characteristics. The information and images obtained belong to the medical personnel in charge of the case whose reinforcements are based on the statistical package Excel, Word and JPG. Conclusion: Multiple myeloma is a malignant hematologic disease characterized by a proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow. The most common age of onset is between 65 and 70 years, however, cases in young people are documented in increasingly severe forms. Diagnosis generally requires demonstrating M protein (which is sometimes present in urine rather than serum, but is rarely totally absent) and / or light chain proteinuria and excess plasma cells in bone marrow.2