DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE AND CLINICAL FEATURES OF ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS ASSOCIATED WITH ROTAVIRUS & NON-ROTAVIRUS DIARRHOEA IN EASTERN ODISHA REGION--A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY

Dr Dillip Kumar Dash; Dr Bibhudatta Dash; Dr Nareshchandra Acarya

Volume : V, Issue : XII, December - 2016

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE AND CLINICAL FEATURES OF ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS ASSOCIATED WITH ROTAVIRUS & NON-ROTAVIRUS DIARRHOEA IN EASTERN ODISHA REGION--A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY

Dr Dillip Kumar Dash, Dr Bibhudatta Dash, Dr Nareshchandra Acarya

Abstract :

Background

Acute gastroenteritis caused by bacteria, virus and parasite is an important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing and developed countries. Rotavirus has been recognized as the most common pathogens causing acute gastroenteritis among children. However, there is still no valuable data about infections of rotavirus and non-rotavirus in children in eastern odisha region. The aims of the present study are to determine the incidence, clinical manifestation and complication of rotavirus and non-rotavirus associated acute gastroenteritis in children.

Methods

Fecal specimens and clinical data were collected from 247 children under 5 years of age with acute diarrhea admitted to IMS &SUM Hospital Bhubaneswar, Odisha over duration of one year between November 2015 and October 2016. Virus surface antigen was detected by ELISA method by Rotaclone kit test (Meridian bioscience).Rotaclone which utilizes monoclonal antibodies in a solid phase sandwich type EIA which was highly sensitive (100%) and specific (97%) for rotavirus antigen.

Results

Of the 247 specimens 111 (34.3%) were positive for rotavirus & other 136 were taken as non- rotavirus group. A peak number of rotavirus infections show a double peak in a calendar year i.e. during the cold season from November to January and June to September. The clinical picture of rotavirus gastroenteritis was characterised by a high frequency of vomiting even more than 10 times in a day and which is mostly present during first two days of diarrhoea. Severe dehydration with shock occurred in 11% of all patients more in rotavirus group with no relation to age and it was mostly isotonic. Abdominal pain and bloody stools were highly significantly increased in children with non-rotavirus group as compared to rota virus group.

Conclusions

The present study showed that rotavirus diarrhea is till the important causative agents of pediatric diarrhea in eastern odisha during this period. Proper clinical evaluation can prevent over judicious use of antibiotic and its complication for Rotaviral diarrhea. Parent�s education and awareness regarding Rotaviral diarrhea and availability of vaccination will reduces the hospital admission and its complication.