Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Butorphanol as an adjuvant to Bupivacaine-Lignocaine combination in ultrasonography guided brachial plexus block

Dr. Kundan Sandugir Gosavi; Dr. Pavan Mallamwar

Volume : VIII, Issue : V, May - 2019

Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Butorphanol as an adjuvant to Bupivacaine-Lignocaine combination in ultrasonography guided brachial plexus block

Dr. Kundan Sandugir Gosavi, Dr. Pavan Mallamwar

Abstract :

Background: Ultrasonography guided supraclavicular achial plexus block is now an established method of anaesthesia for upper limb surgery. Various drugs have been used to prolong its intraoperative and postoperative analgesia. In this prospective, randomised double-blind controlled study, Butorphanol and Dexmedetomidine were compared as an adjuvant to local anaesthesia. Materials and Methods: 60 ASA Grade I patients with age between18-60 years posted for repair of fracture of long bones of forearm were randomly divided in two groups. Group B patient received 14ml 0.5% Bupivacaine + 14ml 2% lignocaine + 2 mg Butorphanol while Group D received 1mcg/kg Dexmedetomidine with the local anaesthetics. Block characteristics, haemodynamic stability, duration of analgesia and adverse effects were observed and compared. Results: Onset time of sensory (7.87 � 2.69 mins Vs 13.87 � 2.96 mins for grade 2) and motor block was significantly less in Butorphanol than Dexmedetomidine group. While mean duration of sensory blockade was significantly more (p < 0.01) in group D [543 (� 69.46) mins] than in group B [359 (� 54.68) minutes]. There was fall in mean heart rate, Systolic and mean BP which comparable and within physiological range in both the groups. Also, duration of postoperative analgesia was longer in group D (428.33 � 77.02 mins) than group B (621.00 � 83.72 minutes). Conclusion: Butorphanol has early onset of action while Dexmedetomidine provides longer nerve blockade and analgesia.