Assessment of Pfmdr1 and Pfcrt mutations after six years of implementation of artemisinin-based combination therapy in Dakar Senegal.

Annie Abiola; Magatte Ndiaye; Roger Tine; Khadime Sylla; Aminata Coll� Lo; Aida Gaye; Aminata Lam; Souleymane Diedhiou; Mouhamadou Billo Diallo; Doudou Sow; Jean Louis Ndiaye; Oumar Faye; Y�mou Dieng; Oumar Gaye and Babacar Faye.

Volume : V, Issue : I, January - 2016

Assessment of Pfmdr1 and Pfcrt mutations after six years of implementation of artemisinin-based combination therapy in Dakar Senegal.

Annie Abiola, Magatte Ndiaye, Roger Tine, Khadime Sylla, Aminata Coll Lo, Aida Gaye, Aminata Lam, Souleymane Diedhiou, Mouhamadou Billo Diallo, Doudou Sow, Jean Louis Ndiaye, Oumar Faye, Y Mou Dieng, Oumar Gaye And Babacar Faye.

Abstract :

Background: Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) have been shown to be effective for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Africa including Senegal. In South East Asia, Pfmdr1 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) are frequent and tentatively associated with reduced susceptibility to ACT partner drugs mefloquine and lumefantrine. In Africa where amodiaquine is one the most partner drugs of ACT, studies on molecular marker of AQ resistance are urgent. The objective of this study is to monitor molecular markers of AQ the partner drug of ACT in Senegal. Methods: Blood samples were collected from patients with uncomplicated malaria in Deggo health post in 2010 (N=124) and 2012 (N=160). Pfmdr1 and Pfcrt SNPs were determined by PCR-RFLP in Plasmodium falciparum positive samples. Results: A total of 284 samples positives were analyzed for various Pfmdr1 and Pfcrt SNPs.. Pfcrt-76T mutant type haplotype was present at 12.90% and 15.62% in 2010 and in 2012 respectively. Prevalence of 16.94% and 15.62% were found for Pfmdr1-86Y in 2010 and 2012 respectively. Low prevalence of Pfmdr1-184F was noted in 2010 (7.26%) and in 2012 (6.88%).. Conclusions: Overall a low prevalence of Pfcrt and Pfmdr1 SNPs associated with CQ and AQ resistance were noted in our study area. Similar results were found in west West Africa. Results suggested that partner drug of ACT still be effective in Senegal, however a regular monitor of antimalarial drug is essential in the context of while use of ACT.