An evaluation by CT, MRI and Serology in the diagnosis of Neurocysticercosis in Pediatric age group of Rural Areas of Farrukhabad District, Uttar Pradesh.

Dr. Mohammad Shamim Ahmad; Dr. Reyaz Anjum; Dr. Sharaf Alam; Dr. Mohammad Zakiuddin

Volume : VII, Issue : III, March - 2018

An evaluation by CT, MRI and Serology in the diagnosis of Neurocysticercosis in Pediatric age group of Rural Areas of Farrukhabad District, Uttar Pradesh.

Dr. Mohammad Shamim Ahmad, Dr. Reyaz Anjum, Dr. Sharaf Alam, Dr. Mohammad Zakiuddin

Abstract :

BACKGROUND Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic disease of the central nervous system. The prevalence of Neurocysticercosis in some of these developing countries exceeds 10%, where it accounts for up to 50% of cases of late onset epilepsy. Seizures are the most frequent and often the only clinical manifestation of Neurocysticercosis, they occur in 70% to 90% of cases.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic significance of Neuro-imaging technique and Serology in Neurocysticercosis and to determine the intestinal carriers of the Parasite in Neurocysticercosis in Pediatric age group.

METHODS AND MATERIAL The study was done of 100 patients in Major S.D .Singh Medical College from July 2016 to June 2017 of paediatric population of age group ranging from 06 years to 16 years. CT scan and MRI are done only in the suspected cases and serology was done with ELISA, the most specific test is Enzyme Linked Immuno Electro Transfer Blot (EITB) technique.

RESULT Abnormal neuroimaging was seen in 100% of the cases whereas confirmation of diagnosis by neuroimaging alone could be made only in 36% of the cases based on diagnostic criteria. Single ring enhancing lesion was the most common finding (64%) in CT scan. The most common site of occurrence of the lesion within the ain was Parietal in 48% followed by frontal in 27%, occipital 13%, and temporal 09%. ELISA detected antibodies in 87% of the cases of Neurocysticercosis.

CONCLUSION Neuroimaging (CT scan) was abnormal in 100% of the cases. Single parenchymal lesion was the most common findings. Diagnosis could be confirmed based on CT scan only in 36% of the cases. Neuroimaging techniques, including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and serology have improved the accuracy of the diagnosis of Neurocysticercosis by providing objective evidence on the number and topography of lesions, their stage of involution, and the degree of inflammatory reaction of the host against the parasites. The sensitivity of the ELISA was higher in cases with active neurological lesion (97.5%) and in cases with multiple parenchymal lesions (94.25%).