Volume : VIII, Issue : XII, December - 2019

A Study on Risk factors of Development of Pneumonia

Dr. Nisha Dudhat

Abstract :

Background: Childhood pneumonia is the leading single cause of mortality in under five children. The incidence is estimated to be 0.29 episodes per child-year in developing and 0.05 episodes per child-year in developed countries. This translates into about 156 million new episodes each year worldwide, of which 151 million episodes are in the developing world. Of all community cases, 7–13% is severe enough to be life-threatening and require hospitalization. Substantial evidence revealed that the leading risk factors contributing to pneumonia incidence are lack of exclusive eastfeeding, under nutrition, indoor air pollution, low birth weight, crowding and lack of measles and pertussis immunization. Material and Methods: It was a prospective study and data was collected from 200 children hospitalized in a tertiary care hospital aged >28 days to 5 yrs over a period of 1 year. Results: Higher incidence of pneumonia was found in increasing birth order. Lack of exclusive eastfeeding and severe malnutrition PEM-III were significant risk factors for pneumonia (p value 0.02, 0.005). Passive smoking is directly associated with occurrence of pneumonia in children (p value 0.04). Illiteracy is also associated with pneumonia. The association of chullah smoking is equally strong (p value 0.03). Pallor is directly associated with pneumonia, lesser the hemoglobin more is the chance of pneumonia (p value 0.12). Conclusion: Despite the lack of data, mainly for the developing regions of the world, morbidity and mortality estimates and the main risk factors presented in this review could contribute to an understanding of the burden of pneumonia in children aged less than 5 years in developing countries and to informed care and vaccine policy.

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Article: Download PDF    DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.36106/gjra  

Cite This Article:

A STUDY ON RISK FACTORS OF DEVELOPMENT OF PNEUMONIA, Dr. Nisha Dudhat GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS : Volume-8 | Issue-12 | December-2019

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