A Study of Carcino Embryonic Antigen (CEA) Levels in Lung Cancer

Dave Manan; Shrimali Lalit; Agarwal Ankit

Volume : IX, Issue : II, February - 2020

A Study of Carcino Embryonic Antigen (CEA) Levels in Lung Cancer

Dave Manan, Shrimali Lalit, Agarwal Ankit

Abstract :

Background - Lung cancer is a major cause of cancer-related mortality. About 85% of cases are related to cigarette smoking. CEA was one of the tumour markers use to evaluate lung cancer, also elevated levels are seen in 40–80% of patients with lung cancer, showing a high sensitivity for adenocarcinoma and for advanced stage studies show that CEA level in serum is significantly increasing in patients with lung cancer. Serum CEA level can be used as a sensitive and specific screening test for various cancers including lung cancer. Method - 74 patients were studied at Geetanjali Hospital, Udaipur. Only biopsy proven cases of carcinoma lung were interviewed and demographic data such as age, sex & addiction history were noted. Results - Among 74 patients diagnosed with lung cancer highest cases were seen in patients with Adenocarcinoma 38 (51.35%) followed by Squamous cell carcinoma with 26 (35.14%) followed by Small cell carcinoma 10 (13.51%). 27 (71.05%) out of 38 patients of adenocarcinoma, 10 (38.48%) out of 26 patients of Squamous cell carcinoma and 6 (60%) out of 10 patients of small cell carcinoma showed CEA values more than normal. 30 (71.43%) patients out of 42 of stage IV, all 5 patients of stage IIIB 4 (57.14%) Out of 7 of IIIA patients 2 (28.57%) out of 7 patients of both stages IIA & IIB showed higher CEA level than normal. Higher than normal level of CEA was seen in all 3 (100%) patients of pleural metastasis followed by ain metastasis was seen in 5 (83.33%) out of 6 patients, liver metastasis was seen in 5 (71.43%) out of 7 patients, adrenal metastasis was seen in 6 (60%) out of 10 patients, bone metastasis was seen in 4 (57.14%) out of 7 patients showed higher than normal level of CEA. Conclusion- This observation highlights the importance of tumour markers in relation to histological type and tumour staging. Routine serum CEA testing in patients with Nonsmall cell lung carcinoma than Small cell Lung Carcinoma, allows the identification of a significant proportion of patients at high risk of developing a tumour relapse being cost effective.