A Single Centre Prospective Case Series Study of Histopathological pattern of Oral Malignancy

Dr. DHANESH KUMAR

Volume : VIII, Issue : VIII, August - 2019

A Single Centre Prospective Case Series Study of Histopathological pattern of Oral Malignancy

Dr. Dhanesh Kumar

Abstract :

Background: In India where chewing betel, paan and areca are common, oral cancer represents up to 40% of all cancers. It may arise as a primary lesion originating in any of the oral tissues, by metastasis from a distant site of origin, or by extension from a neighboring anatomical structure. A tissue biopsy and microscopic examination of the lesion confirms the diagnosis and malignancy of oral cancer. Objectives: To see the clinical and histopathological pattern of oral cancer. Material and Methods: This was a prospective case series studies carried out at Histopathology Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru medical college, Bhagalpur. Detailed clinical histories of the patients were recorded and their histopathology was performed using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. Clinical data collected included the age, sex of patient andintra-oral site of cancer. Histopathological data included type of cancers and their degree of differentiation. The inference was drawn from this record. Results: A total of 291 oral mucosal biopsy reports were studied which constituted 6.6 % of all malignant tumours reported during this period. Among the 291 cases studied, 276 (95.0 %) cases were of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 8 (2.74 %) were of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 7 (2.4 %) each was of adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma. Tongue was the commonest site involved in 119 (40.89 %) cases, with a male to female ratio of 1.25: 1, followed by buccal mucosa including 93 (31.96 %) cases. Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma is the predominant type of oral cancer and tongue is the commonest site of origin for these cancers. In our patients oral cancer presented at a relatively early age group.